Railway truck



D. S. BARROWS RAILWAY TRUCK Aug. 13, 1935.

4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 15, 1929 Aug. 13, 1935.

D. S. BARROWS RAILWAY TRUCK Filed MaLrch 15, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 1935- D. s. BARROWS 2,011,190

RAILWAY TRUCK Filed March 15, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 D7na, Id 5,54/7'01445 Patented Aug. 13, i935 UNITED STATES PATIENT OFFICE RAILWAY TRUOK Donald S. Barrows, Rochester, N. Y., asslgnor to Thesymlm 11 Company, New York, N. Y., a

corporation of Maryland Application March 15, 1929, Serial No. 347,303

29 Claims. (01. 105-182) This invention relates to railway trucks and, more particularly, to such provided with roller bearings, inboard side frames and lateral motion bolsters.

The principal object of my invention, generally considered, is to provide an inboard truck with 1 columns defining said openings formed with lower portions sloping toward one another to reduce the span between said columns and providing portions for interlocking the associated spring plank therewith.

Another object of my invention is to provide a railway truck comprising side frames with bolster openings, bolster springs "supported on spring planks received in said openings and preferably interlocked with respect to said frames, said springs 'supporting' spring caps which are formed with depending guiding flanges extending outwardly and embracing 'the bolster guide columns, the bolster being supported above said spring caps with rockers received in downwardly opening pockets in said bolster and resting on the tops or received in pockets in the spring caps for permitting lateral motion of the bolster, said bolster being preferably without the usual guide lugs and provided with an upwardly opening pocket at each end adapted to receive a side bearing block, the inner walls of said pockets adapted to enga e corresponding surfaces on the associatedside frames for limiting relative movement therebe'tween. I

A further object of my invention is to provide a side frame for railway trucks formed with a compression member extending generally straight from end to end, a shorter tension member disposed therebeneath extending generally straight from end to end and spaced from said compression member by bolster guide columns adjacent the center thereof, and generally upright members extending from the ends of the tension memher to intermediate portions of said compression member and defining, with the outwardly extending ends of the compression member, jaws for receiving bearing housings for the associated wheels and axles, the frame being braced bydiagonal members extending from the end portions of the tension member, adjacent the junctions with the generally upright members, upwardly and inward:-

ly to the adjacent junctions between the eolilpression member and bolster guide columns.

Other objects and advantages of the invention relating to the particular arrangement and construction of the various parts will become apparent as the description proceeds.

Referring to the drawings illustrating my invention, the scope whereof is defined by the pended claims.

' Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevatlonal viewof a railway truck embodying my inventiomthe'rear wheel being removed and the axle shown in sec 2 tion to more clearlyillustrate the side frame and axle housing.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary plan of the truck shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a transverse sectional view entire line 3-4 of Figure 2 looking in the'direction of the arrows, the spring cap, rockers supported thereby, and a part of the bolster being shown in,

elevation.

Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 are fragmentary or detailed sectional views on the correspondingly numbered lines of Figure 1 looking in the directionofthe arrows.

Figure 8 is a fragmentary sectional view of one end of the bolster and the associatedsprlng cap taken on the line 3-3 of Figure l lookinginthe direction of the arrows, lone of;the rockers being removed to more clearly show the construction of the bolster.

Figures is a horizontal sectional view'on the line 9-101 Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows. k Referring to the drawings in detail, like parts being designated by like reference.chare!Etii igj there is shown a truck I comprising two of wheels 2 and connecting axles 3, onlyonepaln being illustrated as the truck is symmetrical; Around each axle is a housing I which receives the journal portions of the axles and bearingsin enlarged end portions 5 thereof Although the details of the bearings are not illustrated,

are preferably roller bearings of the Timk en The ends of each housing 4 are preferably closed by cover plates t connected thereto by means of tap bolts or the like I.

frame preferably comprises a compression member 9, a tension member l8 and bolster guide columns or strut portions connecting intermediate portions of said members. The compression member 9 is preferably considerably longer than the tension member ||l so that the ends thereof extend beyond the ends of the tension member. The ends of the tension member are connected to portions of the compression member thereabove by upstanding connecting elements |2, or the tension member may be considered as U'shaped with theupwardly directed ends I2 connected to intermediate portions of the compression member thereabove. The tension and compression members are further braced one with respect to the other by diagonal members |3 extending upwardly and toward one another from the junctions between the ends of the tension member I0 and the upright connecting members |2 to the junctions between the bolster guide columns I and the compression member 9.

In order to provide for connection between the corresponding ends of the housings 4 and the side frames 8, said housings are provided with upstanding lugs l4 and depending lugs l5, said lugs beingapertured, as indicated at l8 and I1 respectively, for receiving connecting pins I8. Said lugs l4 and I5 are received in corresponding pockets I9 and 28 formed respectively in the ends of the compression member 9 and the tension member It or a short extension 2| thereof beyond the upright connecting member I2. It will be seen, therefore, that the housings 4 are received in jaws 22 formed in the ends of the frames 8 and defined by the outer ends of the compression members, the connecting portions l2 between the compression members and the ends of the horizontal portions of the tension members and the extended portions of the tension members, and more specifically by the lugs l4 and |5 fitting in pockets l9 and 20 adjacent the ends of the frame and locked in place by pins 8 extending through registeringapertures in the lugs and pocketed portions of the frame. The pins l8 may be held in place in any desired manner as by the outer walls of the pockets provided with apertures 23 too small to allow passage of the pins, and at the other end by cotters orthe like 24 passing through corresponding slots in outstanding bosses 25 around the holes l8 and l 1 for receiving the pins l8, thereby closing said holes against undesired removal of the pins. Said cotters are preferably flat= and the ends thereof bent, as illustrated, to hold them in place after application.

In order to further increase the strength of connection between the housings 4 and the frames 8, said housings are preferably provided with outstanding lugs 28 received in corresponding pockets 21 in the upright connecting portion l2 of the frame.

The side frame 8 is preferably composed of members generally U shape in section, although in some instances web portions may connect the free ends of the U and form box sections for short distances, thereby strengthening the construction without hindering core removal; It will therefore be seen that the compression member is generally inverted U shape in cross section with an upper web 28 in depending flanges 29 and 30. On account of the frame illustrated being one of the inboard type, that is, one connected to the bearing housings inwardly of the wheels, it is provided with brake hanger brackets 3| extending outwardly from the outer face of the compression member orv outer flange 28 thereof, and preferably positioned adjacent the junctions between the compression member and the bolster guide columns H, as well as the corresponding diagonal braces l3. Supported from the brackets 3| are brake hangers 32 of any usual or desired construction which in turn support brake heads 38 and beams 34 of desired construction. 0n account of the frame being of the inboard type and normally disposed some distance inside the rail, the compression member'between the brake hanger brackets 3| is preferably of special formation, that is, with its web 28 sloping downwardly and inwardly to provide clearance with respect to the body bolster. On account of the desirability of having the lower ends of the flanges 28 and at the same normal elevation, the outer flange is preferably made longer and stronger than the inner flange, as illustrated particularly in Figure 3.

The tension member ID is generally inverted U shape in cross section like the compression member 9, except that between the guide columns H or beneath the window or bolster opening 35 therebetween, the web 38 of the tension member I!) is increased greatly in width and extended beyond the flanges 31 to provide a spring plank seat portion 38. The flanges 31 beneath said spring plank seat portion are preferably connected by a web 39 forming a box section and said web is desirably braced with respect to the flanges 31 by transverse webs or gussets 48. The outstanding portions of the web 36 beyond the flanges 31 are preferably braced with respect thereto by means of triangular webs or gussets 4|.

The upright connecting portion I2 is preferably generally box shape in section, except that the inner web 42 is not connected to the web 28 of the compression member and the web 43 of the diagonal member l3 so as to permit core removal. The approximately triangular space provided between the tension member 8, the bolster guide column II and the corresponding diagonal. member I3 is such that the corresponding end of the brake beam'34 may not only be inserted, but the associated head 33 as well, while at the same time sufiicient clearance is provided to permit the necessary movement of the brake beam in the aperture 44 between the members for permitting the desired braking movements.

The bolster opening 35 is of unusual shape that is, it is narrower at the lower portion than at the upper portion, so that the usual form of bolster with guide lugs may not be inserted in the lower portion and then moved upwardly to effect interlocking with respect to the frame. The narrowing of the window opening 38 at its lower end is caused by the converging or downwardly and inwardly sloping ends 45 of the guide colunms II, which thus decreases the span of the tension member between the columns, thereby improving the strength thereof and, at the same time,- provides inwardly extending virtual lug portions over which the ends of the spring plank 46 may interlock. The ends of the spring plank 46 are therefore corrugated as indicated at 41 to correspond with the inwardly sloping portions 48 of the guide columns, whereby said spring plank may be dropped upon the spring plank seat portion 38 of the frame and be held 'in place by ably a spring plate 48 provided with upstanding I collars or bosses 49 which serve for properly positioning the nest of springs 58. In order to clear the corrugations 41 in the spring plank, the springs II are preferably arranged as two groups of spring units, each group being in approximately equilateral triangular form with vertices toward each other, as shown most clearly in Figures 2 and 8. Said nest of springs therefore comprises six spring units or two pairs of springs .at the extreme inner and outer edges of the spring plank seat portion of the frame with a pair of springs transversely arranged intermediate the two pairs of springs. Said spring units are indicated only diagrammatically, but it will be understood that they are preferably standard G springs, either single or double coil or some single and some double coil, in accordance with the capacity desired.

Supported on the tops of the springs is a spring cap 5|, said cap being formed as a plate with peripheral flanges 52 overlying the upper ends of the springs for maintaining them in proper position. The side flanges adjacent the guide columns II are continued downwardly a greater distance than the rest of the flanges 52,

as indicated at 53, and formed with outstanding flanges 54 lying on either side of the guiding portions 55 of the bolster guide columns ll, thereby maintaining the spring cap 5| in the desired position-with respect to'the frame while permitting vertical movement thereof as the associated springs are compressed to a greater or less degree. The upper face of the'spring cap 5| is likewise provided with upstanding flanges or ribs 55 formingpockets 51 for receiving the lower ends of rockers or unsymmetrical rollers 58. Resting on the tops of the rockers 58 is the associated bolster 59, the ends of which are formed with downwardly opening pockets 60 for receiving the rockers 58, preferably in engagement with top web portions thereof, without taking up too much vertical room. The rockers 50 are so designed that when the bolster 59 moves inwardly from normal with respect to the associated spring .cap 5|, the elevation thereof is not changed, whereas when the bolster moves outwardly from normal the bolster is raised slightly. It will be clear from Figures 3 and 8 particularly that this is effected by forming the outer upper and inner lower locking surfaces concentric, with the remaining'rocker surfaces formed of decreased curvature or on a larger radii, as will be understood.

In order to maintain the rockers 58 in the desired relation with respect to the bolster and spring cap, the side walls of the bolster are formed with ribs 6| disposed between outstanding lugs 52 on the rockers forming, in effect, a geared connection therebetween. A similar interlocking is effected between the lower ends of the rockers 55 and the spring cap 5|, said spring cap being formed with lugs 53 disposed between cooperating lugs N on the rockers. Although the exact construction illustrated is not essential, I preferably employ a pair of rollers or rockers between each end of the bolster and the corresponding spring cap, said rockers being disposed longitudinally of the bolster or transversely of the associated frame, thereby effecting greater stability between the bolster and spring cap and distributing the forces transmitted to said spring cap transversely of the frame. 1

Each end of the bolster 59 is preferably formed with an upwardly opening pocket formed between upstanding flanges or walls 56, said pocket being adapted to receive a side bearing block 61 adapted to be adjusted to the'desired height by positioning one or more shims 68 therebeneath, said block being held in place in any desired manner as by means of a bolt 69 and nut 10. It will be seen that the walls 66 of the pocket function not only for receiving the block 61, but the inner wall functions as a bolster limit stop by engaging the outer face of the frame 8 or flange 29 thereof, thereby limiting lateral motion of the bolster with respect to the frame. Lateral motion of the bolster in the other direction, that is, outwardly with respect to the frame is limited by guide lugs 1| of desired form. Of course, under normal operation of the truck, there is no engagement between the frame 8 and the flanges 66 and the lugs 1|, the movement of the bolster being controlled by the raising thereof at one end or the other by the unsymmetrical rockers or rollers 58, so that said bolster tends to remain in normal or central position because of what corresponds with a centering device. on account of the interlocking between the rockers and the bolster on the one hand and the spring cap on the other, and the interlocking between the depending portions of the spring cap and the bolster guiding portions of the guide columns, said guiding portions on the spring cap normally guide the bolster in its vertical movement upon the application of more or less load to the supporting springs, so that they function as the usual bolster guide lugs, and the limit stop means on the bolster are normally ineffective.

The bolster guide columns H are preferably generally U shape in cross section like the compression and tension members, except that the web 36 or extended portions beyond the flanges ,31 forming the spring plank seat portion 38 are extended-outwardly beneath the bolster guide columns where they are curved or diverted upwardly and outwardly forming tapering or gradually decreasing outstanding flanges at the free edges of the bolster guide column flanges and extending to or adjacent the intersection with the diagonal members l3 where they preferably merge into the flanges of said bolster guide columns. The upper web 36 of the tension member between the flanges thereof extends outwardly to the junctions with the diagonal members l3 where the ends thereof are curved and extended upwardly and toward one another forming the web 43 of said diagonal members 3.

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, it will be seen that I have prpvided a truck particularly adapted for roller bearings inwardly of the wheels thereof with side frames of novel and desirable construction connected at their ends to the housings enclosing the roller bearings, said frames supporting a spring plank, bolster springs, spring caps which function not only to position the springs, but to guide the bolster in its vertical movement as well as support lateral motion rockers or unsymmetrical rollers for said bolster, said bolster at the same time being restrained from lateral motion beyond a predetermined amount by limit stop means which at the outer ends are disposed above the bolster so as not to interfere with insertion of the bolster in position, and inwardly thereof by the usual form of bolster guide lugs spaced, however, inwardly of the bolster guide columns so as to. provide for the desired lateral motion of said bolster. Although the side frames of the present invention are formed with outstanding brake hanger brackets, it will be understood that I do not wish to be limited to this showing as for trucks with outboard rather than inboard side frames, the construction may be reversed and the brake hanger brackets disposed inwardly rather than outwardly of the frames.

Although I. have shown a preferred embodiment of my invention, it will be understood that modifications may be made therein within the spirit of the invention without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

Having now described my invention, I claim:

1. A railway truck having side frames formed with bolster openings, bolster springs disposed in said openings and supported by means of said frames, spring caps supported by said springs, a bolster disposed above said spring caps and formed at each end with a pair of downwardly opening pockets disposed longitudinally of the bolster, and rockers resting, and adapted to roll, on said spring caps and with their major portions housed in said pockets and engaging upper wall portions of said bolster for permitting said bolster to move laterally with respect to the side frames.

2. A railway truck having side frames formed with compression and tension members, bolster guide columns connecting intermediate portions of said members, bolster springs disposed between said columns and supported by the tension members of the frames, spring caps supported on said springs, a bolster disposed above said spring caps and formed with a pair of downwardly opening pockets at each end thereof disposed along the longitudinal center line of the bolster, and rollers disposed in said pockets, interlocking with the bolster and spring caps, and formed with convex upper and lower faces engaging upper web portions of the bolster and said caps for permitting lateral motion of the bolster with respect to the side. frames, the rolling surfaces of said rollers being unsymmetrical so that they act differently on the bolster ends upon movement of the bolster in different directions.

3. A railway truck having a side frame formed with compression and tension members, bolster guide colunms connecting intermediate portions of said members, bolster springs disposed between said columns, a spring cap formed with portions disposed on either side of said springs and provided with outstanding flanges interlocking with the bolster guide columns, the top face of said cap being formed with a plurality of upwardly opening pockets laterally disposed with respect to the frame, a rocker disposed in each pocket in rolling contact with said cap and a bolster with a plurality of downwardly opening pockets, housing the major portions of, and defined by an upper web portion engaging, said rockers and adapted to move laterally thereon.

4. A railway truck having a side frame formed with compression and tension members, bolster guide columns connecting intermediate portions of said members, bolster springs disposed between said columns, a spring cap resting on said springs, a bolster with an end portion disposed above said spring cap, rockers arranged laterally of the frame and disposed between said bolster and spring cap, said rockers rolling on and interlocking with said bolster and spring cap to hold them in normal positions and being formed to raise the bolster end portion upon movement thereof outwardly from normal position, while maintaining said end portion at a uniform elevation upon inward movement thereof.

5. In a railway truck, in combination with wheels and associated axles, housings for said axles inwardly of said wheels, side frames with upper and lower members and longitudinally opening jaws receiving saidhousings at their ends and defined by said upper side frame member extending beyond said lower member, and

lugs outstanding from said housings and received in corresponding pockets in the extended upper members and the lower members of said frames for connecting the parts together.

6. A railway truck having wheels and axles, bearing housings surrounding said axles inwardly of said wheels, side frames connecting the ends of said housings, said frames having upper members overlying said housings and lower members of reduced length underlying portions of said housings, portions of said housings and upper and lower members interfitting with one another, and means intersecting said interfitting portions for connecting said housings to said overlying and underlying members of said side frames.

7. A railway truck having wheels and axles, bearing housings surrounding said axles, side frames connecting the corresponding ends of said housings, each side frame having a jaw at each end thereof formed by an upper relatively long projection and a lower relatively short projection respectively overlying and underlying said housings, lugs extending from said housings into corresponding pockets in said projections. and f means extending transversely of said frames and intersecting said lugs and projections for holding said housings in place with respect to said frames while permitting removal thereof without changing the normal elevation of the frames.

8. A railway truck having side frames with upper and lower members and formed with jaws at the ends thereof defined by longitudinal extensions of the upper members of said frames and longitudinal extensions, shorter than the first mentioned extensions, of the lower members of said frames, axle bearing housings disposed inwardly of said wheels, received in said jaws between said extensions and formed with lugs received in corresponding notches in the end portions of said extensions, and locking means for connecting said housings to said'extensions.

9. A railway truck having side frames, wheels and associated axles, each frame comprising com? pression and tension members, bolster guide col-. umns joining said members intermediate their ends, and bracing members extending diagonally downward and toward the ends of the frame from the junctions of the compression member and guide columns, bearing housings surrounding said axles, means connecting the ends of said frames to said housings, said wheels being disposed outwardly of said frames, brake hanger brackets mounted at said junctions on said frames, and brake beams suspended from said brackets and passing through the framesbeneath said bracing means without interference.

10. A side frame for an inboard truck comprising a compression member, a tension member with end portions extended beyond said compression member, bolster guide columns spacing intermediate portions of said members, said tension member extending approximately horizontally from the bolster guide columns outwardly and joined to intermediate portions of said compression member by generally upright portions, and bracing elements disposed between the junctions of the bolster guide columns and compression member and the junction between the ends of the tension member and the upright portions.

said tension member, bolster guide columns and bracing members being disposed so as to leave openings therebetween for receiving brake beams and permitting the necessary movement thereof.

11. A bolster including upper web portions and formed with a pair of downwardly opening pockets adjacent each end thereof and longitudinally disposed therealong for receiving, and housing the major portions of, lateral motion rockers, said pockets being defined by said upper web portions with downwardly facing flat surfaces on which said rockers are adapted to roll.

12. A bolster formed with an upwardly opening pocket adjacent each endthereof for receiving a side bearing block, the inner walls of said pockets being adapted to engage the outer faces of associated side frames and limit lateral movement of the bolster with respect thereto.

13. A side frame comprising an upper compression member extending generally straight from end to end, a lower tension member generally straight from end to end and shorter than said compression member, bolster guide columns spacing intermediate portions of said compression and tension members, generally upright members joining intermediate portions of said compression member and end portions of said tension member, brake hanger brackets extending from one face of said frame adjacent the upper portion thereof, and bracing members extending downward from the brackets and diverging from the guide co umns to unite with the tension member adjacent the junctions with the generally upright members.

14. A side frame comprising an upper generally straight compression member, a lower generally straight tension member, bolster guide columns spacing intermediate portions of said members, generally upright members joining intermediate portions of said compression member and end portions of said tension member, and bracing members extending from the junctions of the guide columns and compression member to the junctions of the generally upright members and tension member.

15. In a railway truck, in combination with a side frame comprising a compression member, a tension member and guide columns, said members and columns defining a window opening smaller at the bottom than at the top, thereby providing a shortened spring supporting portion along the longitudinal center line of the frame, and a spring cluster supported on said supporting portion, said cluster comprising two groups of three spring units each, said groups being disposed on opposite sides of the longitudinal center line of said frame and each increasingin width away from said center line.

16. A side frame comprising a generally horizontal compression member, a generally horizontal tension member, bolster guide columns interposed therebetween and spaced to leave a window opening, said columns being relatively widely spaced at their upper portions and having their lower portions inclined inwardly and relatively closely spaced at their junctions with the tension member, said tension member having an upper web providing a spring supporting portion, said web being extended laterally from the longitudinal central plane of the frame beyond said columns and longitudinally on opposite sides of said columns so that the spring supporting area is wider on opposite sides 01', than between, said columns.

17. In a railway truck, a side frame comprising a compression member, a tension member, bolster guide columns spacing intermediate portions of said members and leaving a window opening therebetween, the upper ends of said columns providing vertical guiding portions, and the lower ends thereof sloping downwardly and inwardly toward one another, a spring plank supported on said tension member between said columns, the sides of said spring plank being corrugated to fit over the sloping ends of said guide columns and interlock said plank with respect to the frame.

18. A side frame comprising a substantially horizontal compression member, a substantially horizontal tension member shorter than said compression member, bolster guide columns-spacing intermediate portions of said members, an approximately vertical member connecting each end of the tension member with an intermediate por tion of the compression member and diagonal members connecting the junctions of the compression member and bolster guide columns, and the tension member and the approximately vertical connecting members.

19. A side frame comprising a compression member, a tension member, bolster guide columns interposed therebetween and spaced to leave a window opening, said guide columns being generally U shape in section with inwardly disposed webs, the flanges of one column extending away from those of the other, said tension member between the bolster guide columns having an upper web and depending flanges, said web being widened beyond the flanges to provide a spring plank seat portion, the parts of the spring plank seat portion beyond the flanges extending beneath the bolster guide columns and curved upwardly along the free edges of the flanges of said columns, gradually tapering in depth to finally merge into said flanges adjacent the upper portions of said columns.

20. A side frame comprising a substantially horizontal compression member, a substantially horizontal tension member shorter than said compression member, bolster guide columns spacing intermediate portions of said members, an approximately vertical member connecting each end of the tension member with an intermediate portion of the compression member, and diagonal members connecting the junctions between the compression member and bolster guide columns, and the tension member and vertical connecting members at the ends thereof, said tension member having an upper web extended outwardly to the junctions with the diagonal members where the ends thereof are curved upwardly and extended diagonally upward toward each other forming the lower webs of the diagonal members.

21. A railway truck comprising a pair of side frames having bolster openings, that portion of each frame directly beneath its bolster opening being widened laterally for the support of bolster springs, two groups of spring units for each frame, each group disposed laterally of the iongitudinal plane of the corresponding bolster opening, spring caps supported on said spring units, a bolster disposed above said spring caps and formed at each end with a pair of downwardly opening pockets defined by upper web portions thereof, each pocket Lying over one group of springs, and rockers normally rolling on said caps and with their major portions housed in said pockets in engagement with said web portions, for permitting lateral motion of the bolster.

22. A railway truck comprising side frames,

wheels and associated axles, bearing housings surrounding said axles, means connecting the ends of said frames to said housings, brake hanger brackets integrally formed and extending outwardly from said frames, brake beams suspended from said brackets and normally passing througl said frames, each frame having a bolster opening defined by guide columns with upper substantially parallel guiding portions and lower downwardly converging portions, a bolster extending therebetween with its ends received in said bolster openings, that portion of the frame directly beneath said bolster opening being laterally widened, and a nest of springs resting on said widened frame portions and supporting each end of the bolster, the dimension ofeach nest longitudinally of the bolster being greater than that transversely thereof, and the dimension of each -nest transversely of the bolster being greater on either side of the downwardly converging column portions than in the bolster openings, whereby sufficient spring capacity may be provided for. g

23. A side frame comprising a substantially horizontal compression member and a substantially horizontal tension member shorter than said compression member, bolster guide columns spacing intermediate portions of said members,

"an approximately vertical member connecting each end of the tension member with an intermediate portion of the compression member and pro viding a jaw on each end of the frame adapted to receive a journal housing, the extreme ends of said jaw portions having pockets adapted to receive lugs on said .housings for connecting them to the frame, and diagonal members connecting the junctions between the compression memberand bolster guide columns and the tension member and vertical connecting members at the ends thereof.

24. In a railway truck in combination with wheels and associated axles, housings for said axles inwardly of said wheels and provided with lugs, side frames connecting said housings, said side frames each comprising a compression member, a shorter generally straight tension member, and bolster guide columns spacing intermediate portions of said members, said tension and compression members having pockets receiving said lugs and extending approximately horizontally from the bolster guide columns, and the end portions of the tension member connected to intermediate portions of said compression member to provide outwardly opening jaw shaped portions receiving the axle housings.

25. A railway truck having a side frame formed with compression and tension members, bolster guide columns connecting intermediate portions of said members, bolster springs disposed between said columns, a spring cap formed with portions disposed on either side of said springs and having outstanding flanges interlocking with the bolster guide columns, the lower ends of said columns sloping downwardly and inwardly toward one another, a spring plank supported on said ten sion member between said columns and supporting said springs, the sides of said plank being shaped to fit over the sloping ends of said guide columns and interlock said plank and frame.

26. In a truck of the character described, the combination with a side frame having a compression member, tension member and guide column members, defining a window opening for the reception of a bolster, said guide columns having instanding ofiset portions below the bolster to shorten the space between the columns, and having a spring seat at the bottom thereof, said spring seat being extended longitudinally at opposite sides of the guide columns; and a spring cluster having units disposed in the shortened space between said guide columns and additional units occupying extended portions of said spring seat.

27. In a truck of the character described, the combination with a side frame comprising a compression member, a tension member and guide columns, said members defining a window-opening smaller at the bottom than at the top, and providing a shortened spring seat along the longitudinal center line of the frame; and a spring cluster disposed on said spring seat, said spring cluster being less in extent along the longitudinal center line of the frame and greater in extent at opposite sides of said center line.

28. A side frame comprising compression and tension members and guide columns, said guide columns extending from a relatively widely spaced condition adjacent the compression member to a relatively closely spaced condition at the longitudinal center of the side frame adjacent the tension member, whereby the guide columns provide a secondary tension support in addition to spacing the compression and tension members, and a spring seat on the tension member between said columns and extended longitudinally of the frame on opposite sides of said relatively closely spaced portions of the columns.

29. A bolster including upper web portions, and formed with a pair of downwardly opening pockets adjacent each end thereof for receiving and housing the major portions of lateral motion rockers, said pockets being defined by said upper web portions, and an upwardly opening pocket adjacent each end thereof for receiving a side bearing block.

DONALD S. BARROWS. 

